package org.json.junit;

/*
Copyright (c) 2020 JSON.org

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

The Software shall be used for Good, not Evil.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
*/

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.json.JSONPointerException;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.jayway.jsonpath.Configuration;
import com.jayway.jsonpath.JsonPath;


/**
 * Tests for JSON-Java JSONArray.java
 */
public class JSONArrayTest {
    private final String arrayStr = 
            "["+
                "true,"+
                "false,"+
                "\"true\","+
                "\"false\","+
                "\"hello\","+
                "23.45e-4,"+
                "\"23.45\","+
                "42,"+
                "\"43\","+
                "["+
                    "\"world\""+
                "],"+
                "{"+
                    "\"key1\":\"value1\","+
                    "\"key2\":\"value2\","+
                    "\"key3\":\"value3\","+
                    "\"key4\":\"value4\""+
                "},"+
                "0,"+
                "\"-1\""+
            "]";

    /**
     * Tests that the similar method is working as expected.
     */
    @Test
    public void verifySimilar() {
        final String string1 = "HasSameRef";
        final String string2 = "HasDifferentRef";
        JSONArray obj1 = new JSONArray()
                .put("abc")
                .put(string1)
                .put(2);
        
        JSONArray obj2 = new JSONArray()
                .put("abc")
                .put(string1)
                .put(3);

        JSONArray obj3 = new JSONArray()
                .put("abc")
                .put(new String(string1))
                .put(2);

        JSONArray obj4 = new JSONArray()
                .put("abc")
                .put(2.0)
        		.put(new String(string1));

        JSONArray obj5 = new JSONArray()
                .put("abc")
                .put(2.0)
        		.put(new String(string2));
        
        assertFalse("obj1-obj2 Should eval to false", obj1.similar(obj2));
        assertTrue("obj1-obj3 Should eval to true", obj1.similar(obj3));
        assertFalse("obj4-obj5 Should eval to false", obj4.similar(obj5));
    }
        
    /**
     * Attempt to create a JSONArray with a null string.
     * Expects a NullPointerException.
     */
    @Test(expected=NullPointerException.class)
    public void nullException() {
        String str = null;
        assertNull("Should throw an exception", new JSONArray(str));
    }

    /**
     * Attempt to create a JSONArray with an empty string.
     * Expects a JSONException.
     */
    @Test
    public void emptStr() {
        String str = "";
        try {
            assertNull("Should throw an exception", new JSONArray(str));
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message", 
                    "A JSONArray text must start with '[' at 0 [character 1 line 1]",
                    e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Attempt to create a JSONArray with an unclosed array.
     * Expects an exception
     */
    @Test
    public void unclosedArray() {
        try {
            assertNull("Should throw an exception", new JSONArray("["));
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message", 
                    "Expected a ',' or ']' at 1 [character 2 line 1]",
                    e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Attempt to create a JSONArray with an unclosed array.
     * Expects an exception
     */
    @Test
    public void unclosedArray2() {
        try {
            assertNull("Should throw an exception", new JSONArray("[\"test\""));
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message", 
                    "Expected a ',' or ']' at 7 [character 8 line 1]",
                    e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Attempt to create a JSONArray with an unclosed array.
     * Expects an exception
     */
    @Test
    public void unclosedArray3() {
        try {
            assertNull("Should throw an exception", new JSONArray("[\"test\","));
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message", 
                    "Expected a ',' or ']' at 8 [character 9 line 1]",
                    e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Attempt to create a JSONArray with a string as object that is
     * not a JSON array doc.
     * Expects a JSONException.
     */
    @Test
    public void badObject() {
        String str = "abc";
        try {
            assertNull("Should throw an exception", new JSONArray((Object)str));
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertTrue("Expected an exception message", 
                    "JSONArray initial value should be a string or collection or array.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Verifies that the constructor has backwards compatibility with RAW types pre-java5.
     */
    @Test
    public void verifyConstructor() {
        
        final JSONArray expected = new JSONArray("[10]");
        
        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
        Collection myRawC = Collections.singleton(Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONArray jaRaw = new JSONArray(myRawC);

        Collection<Integer> myCInt = Collections.singleton(Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONArray jaInt = new JSONArray(myCInt);

        Collection<Object> myCObj = Collections.singleton((Object) Integer
                .valueOf(10));
        JSONArray jaObj = new JSONArray(myCObj);

        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaRaw));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaInt));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaObj));
    }

    /**
     * Tests consecutive calls to putAll with array and collection.
     */
    @Test
    public void verifyPutAll() {
        final JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();

        // array
        int[] myInts = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
        jsonArray.putAll(myInts);

        assertEquals("int arrays lengths should be equal",
                     jsonArray.length(),
                     myInts.length);

        for (int i = 0; i < myInts.length; i++) {
            assertEquals("int arrays elements should be equal",
                         myInts[i],
                         jsonArray.getInt(i));
        }

        // collection
        List<String> myList = Arrays.asList("one", "two", "three", "four", "five");
        jsonArray.putAll(myList);

        int len = myInts.length + myList.size();

        assertEquals("arrays lengths should be equal",
                     jsonArray.length(),
                     len);

        for (int i = 0; i < myList.size(); i++) {
            assertEquals("collection elements should be equal",
                         myList.get(i),
                         jsonArray.getString(myInts.length + i));
        }
    }

    /**
     * Verifies that the put Collection has backwards compatibility with RAW types pre-java5.
     */
    @Test
    public void verifyPutCollection() {
        
        final JSONArray expected = new JSONArray("[[10]]");

        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
        Collection myRawC = Collections.singleton(Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONArray jaRaw = new JSONArray();
        jaRaw.put(myRawC);

        Collection<Object> myCObj = Collections.singleton((Object) Integer
                .valueOf(10));
        JSONArray jaObj = new JSONArray();
        jaObj.put(myCObj);

        Collection<Integer> myCInt = Collections.singleton(Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONArray jaInt = new JSONArray();
        jaInt.put(myCInt);

        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaRaw));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaObj));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaInt));
    }

    
    /**
     * Verifies that the put Map has backwards compatibility with RAW types pre-java5.
     */
    @Test
    public void verifyPutMap() {
        
        final JSONArray expected = new JSONArray("[{\"myKey\":10}]");

        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
        Map myRawC = Collections.singletonMap("myKey", Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONArray jaRaw = new JSONArray();
        jaRaw.put(myRawC);

        Map<String, Object> myCStrObj = Collections.singletonMap("myKey",
                (Object) Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONArray jaStrObj = new JSONArray();
        jaStrObj.put(myCStrObj);

        Map<String, Integer> myCStrInt = Collections.singletonMap("myKey",
                Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONArray jaStrInt = new JSONArray();
        jaStrInt.put(myCStrInt);

        Map<?, ?> myCObjObj = Collections.singletonMap((Object) "myKey",
                (Object) Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONArray jaObjObj = new JSONArray();
        jaObjObj.put(myCObjObj);

        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaRaw));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaStrObj));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaStrInt));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaObjObj));
    }

    /**
     * Create a JSONArray doc with a variety of different elements.
     * Confirm that the values can be accessed via the get[type]() API methods
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("boxing")
    @Test
    public void getArrayValues() {
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(this.arrayStr);
        // booleans
        assertTrue("Array true",
                true == jsonArray.getBoolean(0));
        assertTrue("Array false",
                false == jsonArray.getBoolean(1));
        assertTrue("Array string true",
                true == jsonArray.getBoolean(2));
        assertTrue("Array string false",
                false == jsonArray.getBoolean(3));
        // strings
        assertTrue("Array value string",
                "hello".equals(jsonArray.getString(4)));
        // doubles
        assertTrue("Array double",
                new Double(23.45e-4).equals(jsonArray.getDouble(5)));
        assertTrue("Array string double",
                new Double(23.45).equals(jsonArray.getDouble(6)));
        assertTrue("Array double can be float",
                new Float(23.45e-4f).equals(jsonArray.getFloat(5)));
        // ints
        assertTrue("Array value int",
                new Integer(42).equals(jsonArray.getInt(7)));
        assertTrue("Array value string int",
                new Integer(43).equals(jsonArray.getInt(8)));
        // nested objects
        JSONArray nestedJsonArray = jsonArray.getJSONArray(9);
        assertTrue("Array value JSONArray", nestedJsonArray != null);
        JSONObject nestedJsonObject = jsonArray.getJSONObject(10);
        assertTrue("Array value JSONObject", nestedJsonObject != null);
        // longs
        assertTrue("Array value long",
                new Long(0).equals(jsonArray.getLong(11)));
        assertTrue("Array value string long",
                new Long(-1).equals(jsonArray.getLong(12)));

        assertTrue("Array value null", jsonArray.isNull(-1));
    }

    /**
     * Create a JSONArray doc with a variety of different elements.
     * Confirm that attempting to get the wrong types via the get[type]()
     * API methods result in JSONExceptions
     */
    @Test
    public void failedGetArrayValues() {
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(this.arrayStr);
        try {
            jsonArray.getBoolean(4);
            assertTrue("expected getBoolean to fail", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message",
                    "JSONArray[4] is not a boolean.",e.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            jsonArray.get(-1);
            assertTrue("expected get to fail", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message",
                    "JSONArray[-1] not found.",e.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            jsonArray.getDouble(4);
            assertTrue("expected getDouble to fail", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message",
                    "JSONArray[4] is not a double.",e.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            jsonArray.getInt(4);
            assertTrue("expected getInt to fail", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message",
                    "JSONArray[4] is not a int.",e.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            jsonArray.getJSONArray(4);
            assertTrue("expected getJSONArray to fail", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message",
                    "JSONArray[4] is not a JSONArray.",e.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            jsonArray.getJSONObject(4);
            assertTrue("expected getJSONObject to fail", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message",
                    "JSONArray[4] is not a JSONObject.",e.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            jsonArray.getLong(4);
            assertTrue("expected getLong to fail", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message",
                    "JSONArray[4] is not a long.",e.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            jsonArray.getString(5);
            assertTrue("expected getString to fail", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message",
                    "JSONArray[5] is not a String.",e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Exercise JSONArray.join() by converting a JSONArray into a 
     * comma-separated string. Since this is very nearly a JSON document,
     * array braces are added to the beginning and end prior to validation.
     */
    @Test
    public void join() {
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(this.arrayStr);
        String joinStr = jsonArray.join(",");

        // validate JSON
        /**
         * Don't need to remake the JSONArray to perform the parsing
         */
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse("["+joinStr+"]");
        assertTrue("expected 13 items in top level object", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 13);
        assertTrue("expected true", Boolean.TRUE.equals(jsonArray.query("/0")));
        assertTrue("expected false", Boolean.FALSE.equals(jsonArray.query("/1")));
        assertTrue("expected \"true\"", "true".equals(jsonArray.query("/2")));
        assertTrue("expected \"false\"", "false".equals(jsonArray.query("/3")));
        assertTrue("expected hello", "hello".equals(jsonArray.query("/4")));
        assertTrue("expected 0.002345", BigDecimal.valueOf(0.002345).equals(jsonArray.query("/5")));
        assertTrue("expected \"23.45\"", "23.45".equals(jsonArray.query("/6")));
        assertTrue("expected 42", Integer.valueOf(42).equals(jsonArray.query("/7")));
        assertTrue("expected \"43\"", "43".equals(jsonArray.query("/8")));
        assertTrue("expected 1 item in [9]", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$[9]"))).size() == 1);
        assertTrue("expected world", "world".equals(jsonArray.query("/9/0")));
        assertTrue("expected 4 items in [10]", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$[10]"))).size() == 4);
        assertTrue("expected value1", "value1".equals(jsonArray.query("/10/key1")));
        assertTrue("expected value2", "value2".equals(jsonArray.query("/10/key2")));
        assertTrue("expected value3", "value3".equals(jsonArray.query("/10/key3")));
        assertTrue("expected value4", "value4".equals(jsonArray.query("/10/key4")));
        assertTrue("expected 0", Integer.valueOf(0).equals(jsonArray.query("/11")));
        assertTrue("expected \"-1\"", "-1".equals(jsonArray.query("/12")));
    }

    /**
     * Confirm the JSONArray.length() method
     */
    @Test 
    public void length() {
        assertTrue("expected empty JSONArray length 0",
                new JSONArray().length() == 0);
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(this.arrayStr);
        assertTrue("expected JSONArray length 13. instead found "+jsonArray.length(), jsonArray.length() == 13);
        JSONArray nestedJsonArray = jsonArray.getJSONArray(9);
        assertTrue("expected JSONArray length 1", nestedJsonArray.length() == 1);
    }

    /**
     * Create a JSONArray doc with a variety of different elements.
     * Confirm that the values can be accessed via the opt[type](index)
     * and opt[type](index, default) API methods.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("boxing")
    @Test 
    public void opt() {
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(this.arrayStr);
        assertTrue("Array opt value true",
                Boolean.TRUE == jsonArray.opt(0));
        assertTrue("Array opt value out of range",
                null == jsonArray.opt(-1));

        assertTrue("Array opt value out of range",
                null == jsonArray.opt(jsonArray.length()));

         assertTrue("Array opt boolean",
                Boolean.TRUE == jsonArray.optBoolean(0));
        assertTrue("Array opt boolean default",
                Boolean.FALSE == jsonArray.optBoolean(-1, Boolean.FALSE));
        assertTrue("Array opt boolean implicit default",
                Boolean.FALSE == jsonArray.optBoolean(-1));

        assertTrue("Array opt double",
                new Double(23.45e-4).equals(jsonArray.optDouble(5)));
        assertTrue("Array opt double default",
                new Double(1).equals(jsonArray.optDouble(0, 1)));
        assertTrue("Array opt double default implicit",
           new Double(jsonArray.optDouble(99)).isNaN());

        assertTrue("Array opt float",
                new Float(23.45e-4).equals(jsonArray.optFloat(5)));
        assertTrue("Array opt float default",
                new Float(1).equals(jsonArray.optFloat(0, 1)));
        assertTrue("Array opt float default implicit",
           new Float(jsonArray.optFloat(99)).isNaN());

        assertTrue("Array opt Number",
                BigDecimal.valueOf(23.45e-4).equals(jsonArray.optNumber(5)));
        assertTrue("Array opt Number default",
                new Double(1).equals(jsonArray.optNumber(0, 1d)));
        assertTrue("Array opt Number default implicit",
           new Double(jsonArray.optNumber(99,Double.NaN).doubleValue()).isNaN());

        assertTrue("Array opt int",
                new Integer(42).equals(jsonArray.optInt(7)));
        assertTrue("Array opt int default",
                new Integer(-1).equals(jsonArray.optInt(0, -1)));
        assertTrue("Array opt int default implicit",
                0 == jsonArray.optInt(0));

        JSONArray nestedJsonArray = jsonArray.optJSONArray(9);
        assertTrue("Array opt JSONArray", nestedJsonArray != null);
        assertTrue("Array opt JSONArray default", 
                null == jsonArray.optJSONArray(99));

        JSONObject nestedJsonObject = jsonArray.optJSONObject(10);
        assertTrue("Array opt JSONObject", nestedJsonObject != null);
        assertTrue("Array opt JSONObject default", 
                null == jsonArray.optJSONObject(99));

        assertTrue("Array opt long",
                0 == jsonArray.optLong(11));
        assertTrue("Array opt long default",
                -2 == jsonArray.optLong(-1, -2));
        assertTrue("Array opt long default implicit",
                0 == jsonArray.optLong(-1));

        assertTrue("Array opt string",
                "hello".equals(jsonArray.optString(4)));
        assertTrue("Array opt string default implicit",
                "".equals(jsonArray.optString(-1)));
    }
    
    /**
     * Verifies that the opt methods properly convert string values.
     */
    @Test
    public void optStringConversion(){
        JSONArray ja = new JSONArray("[\"123\",\"true\",\"false\"]");
        assertTrue("unexpected optBoolean value",ja.optBoolean(1,false)==true);
        assertTrue("unexpected optBoolean value",ja.optBoolean(2,true)==false);
        assertTrue("unexpected optInt value",ja.optInt(0,0)==123);
        assertTrue("unexpected optLong value",ja.optLong(0,0)==123);
        assertTrue("unexpected optDouble value",ja.optDouble(0,0.0)==123.0);
        assertTrue("unexpected optBigInteger value",ja.optBigInteger(0,BigInteger.ZERO).compareTo(new BigInteger("123"))==0);
        assertTrue("unexpected optBigDecimal value",ja.optBigDecimal(0,BigDecimal.ZERO).compareTo(new BigDecimal("123"))==0);    }

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONArray.put(value) method with various parameters
     * and confirm the resulting JSONArray.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("boxing")
    @Test
    public void put() {
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();

        // index 0
        jsonArray.put(true);
        // 1
        jsonArray.put(false);

        String jsonArrayStr =
            "["+
                "hello,"+
                "world"+
            "]";
        // 2
        jsonArray.put(new JSONArray(jsonArrayStr));

        // 3
        jsonArray.put(2.5);
        // 4
        jsonArray.put(1);
        // 5
        jsonArray.put(45L);

        // 6
        jsonArray.put("objectPut");

        String jsonObjectStr = 
            "{"+
                "\"key10\":\"val10\","+
                "\"key20\":\"val20\","+
                "\"key30\":\"val30\""+
            "}";
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonObjectStr);
        // 7
        jsonArray.put(jsonObject);

        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("k1", "v1");
        // 8
        jsonArray.put(map);

        Collection<Object> collection = new ArrayList<Object>();
        collection.add(1);
        collection.add(2);
        // 9
        jsonArray.put(collection);

        // validate JSON
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonArray.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 10 top level items", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 10);
        assertTrue("expected true", Boolean.TRUE.equals(jsonArray.query("/0")));
        assertTrue("expected false", Boolean.FALSE.equals(jsonArray.query("/1")));
        assertTrue("expected 2 items in [2]", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$[2]"))).size() == 2);
        assertTrue("expected hello", "hello".equals(jsonArray.query("/2/0")));
        assertTrue("expected world", "world".equals(jsonArray.query("/2/1")));
        assertTrue("expected 2.5", Double.valueOf(2.5).equals(jsonArray.query("/3")));
        assertTrue("expected 1", Integer.valueOf(1).equals(jsonArray.query("/4")));
        assertTrue("expected 45", Long.valueOf(45).equals(jsonArray.query("/5")));
        assertTrue("expected objectPut", "objectPut".equals(jsonArray.query("/6")));
        assertTrue("expected 3 items in [7]", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$[7]"))).size() == 3);
        assertTrue("expected val10", "val10".equals(jsonArray.query("/7/key10")));
        assertTrue("expected val20", "val20".equals(jsonArray.query("/7/key20")));
        assertTrue("expected val30", "val30".equals(jsonArray.query("/7/key30")));
        assertTrue("expected 1 item in [8]", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$[8]"))).size() == 1);
        assertTrue("expected v1", "v1".equals(jsonArray.query("/8/k1")));
        assertTrue("expected 2 items in [9]", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$[9]"))).size() == 2);
        assertTrue("expected 1", Integer.valueOf(1).equals(jsonArray.query("/9/0")));
        assertTrue("expected 2", Integer.valueOf(2).equals(jsonArray.query("/9/1")));
    }

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONArray.put(index, value) method with various parameters
     * and confirm the resulting JSONArray.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("boxing")
    @Test
    public void putIndex() {
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();

        // 1
        jsonArray.put(1, false);
        // index 0
        jsonArray.put(0, true);

        String jsonArrayStr =
            "["+
                "hello,"+
                "world"+
            "]";
        // 2
        jsonArray.put(2, new JSONArray(jsonArrayStr));

        // 5
        jsonArray.put(5, 45L);
        // 4
        jsonArray.put(4, 1);
        // 3
        jsonArray.put(3, 2.5);

        // 6
        jsonArray.put(6, "objectPut");

        // 7 will be null

        String jsonObjectStr = 
            "{"+
                "\"key10\":\"val10\","+
                "\"key20\":\"val20\","+
                "\"key30\":\"val30\""+
            "}";
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonObjectStr);
        jsonArray.put(8, jsonObject);
        Collection<Object> collection = new ArrayList<Object>();
        collection.add(1);
        collection.add(2);
        jsonArray.put(9,collection);

        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("k1", "v1");
        jsonArray.put(10, map);
        try {
            jsonArray.put(-1, "abc");
            assertTrue("put index < 0 should have thrown exception", false);
        } catch(Exception ignored) {}

        // validate JSON
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonArray.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 11 top level items", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 11);
        assertTrue("expected true", Boolean.TRUE.equals(jsonArray.query("/0")));
        assertTrue("expected false", Boolean.FALSE.equals(jsonArray.query("/1")));
        assertTrue("expected 2 items in [2]", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$[2]"))).size() == 2);
        assertTrue("expected hello", "hello".equals(jsonArray.query("/2/0")));
        assertTrue("expected world", "world".equals(jsonArray.query("/2/1")));
        assertTrue("expected 2.5", Double.valueOf(2.5).equals(jsonArray.query("/3")));
        assertTrue("expected 1", Integer.valueOf(1).equals(jsonArray.query("/4")));
        assertTrue("expected 45", Long.valueOf(45).equals(jsonArray.query("/5")));
        assertTrue("expected objectPut", "objectPut".equals(jsonArray.query("/6")));
        assertTrue("expected null", JSONObject.NULL.equals(jsonArray.query("/7")));
        assertTrue("expected 3 items in [8]", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$[8]"))).size() == 3);
        assertTrue("expected val10", "val10".equals(jsonArray.query("/8/key10")));
        assertTrue("expected val20", "val20".equals(jsonArray.query("/8/key20")));
        assertTrue("expected val30", "val30".equals(jsonArray.query("/8/key30")));
        assertTrue("expected 2 items in [9]", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$[9]"))).size() == 2);
        assertTrue("expected 1", Integer.valueOf(1).equals(jsonArray.query("/9/0")));
        assertTrue("expected 2", Integer.valueOf(2).equals(jsonArray.query("/9/1")));
        assertTrue("expected 1 item in [10]", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$[10]"))).size() == 1);
        assertTrue("expected v1", "v1".equals(jsonArray.query("/10/k1")));
    }

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONArray.remove(index) method 
     * and confirm the resulting JSONArray.
     */
    @Test
    public void remove() {
        String arrayStr1 = 
            "["+
                "1"+
            "]";
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(arrayStr1);
        jsonArray.remove(0);
        assertTrue("array should be empty", null == jsonArray.remove(5));
        assertTrue("jsonArray should be empty", jsonArray.isEmpty());
    }

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONArray.similar() method with various parameters
     * and confirm the results when not similar.
     */
    @Test
    public void notSimilar() {
        String arrayStr1 = 
            "["+
                "1"+
            "]";
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(arrayStr1);
        JSONArray otherJsonArray = new JSONArray();
        assertTrue("arrays lengths differ", !jsonArray.similar(otherJsonArray));

        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject("{\"k1\":\"v1\"}");
        JSONObject otherJsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonArray = new JSONArray();
        jsonArray.put(jsonObject);
        otherJsonArray = new JSONArray();
        otherJsonArray.put(otherJsonObject);
        assertTrue("arrays JSONObjects differ", !jsonArray.similar(otherJsonArray));

        JSONArray nestedJsonArray = new JSONArray("[1, 2]");
        JSONArray otherNestedJsonArray = new JSONArray();
        jsonArray = new JSONArray();
        jsonArray.put(nestedJsonArray);
        otherJsonArray = new JSONArray();
        otherJsonArray.put(otherNestedJsonArray);
        assertTrue("arrays nested JSONArrays differ",
                !jsonArray.similar(otherJsonArray));

        jsonArray = new JSONArray();
        jsonArray.put("hello");
        otherJsonArray = new JSONArray();
        otherJsonArray.put("world");
        assertTrue("arrays values differ",
                !jsonArray.similar(otherJsonArray));
    }

    /**
     * Exercise JSONArray toString() method with various indent levels.
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonArrayToStringIndent() {
        String jsonArray0Str =
                "[" +
                    "[1,2," +
                        "{\"key3\":true}" +
                    "]," +
                    "{\"key1\":\"val1\",\"key2\":" +
                        "{\"key2\":\"val2\"}" +
                    "}," +
                    "[" +
                        "[1,2.1]" +
                    "," +
                        "[null]" +
                    "]" +
                "]";

        String jsonArray1Strs [] = 
            {
                "[",
                " [",
                "  1,",
                "  2,",
                "  {\"key3\": true}",
                " ],",
                " {",
                "  \"key1\": \"val1\",",
                "  \"key2\": {\"key2\": \"val2\"}",
                " },",
                " [",
                "  [",
                "   1,",
                "   2.1",
                "  ],",
                "  [null]",
                " ]",
                "]"
            };
        String jsonArray4Strs [] =
            {
                "[",
                "    [",
                "        1,",
                "        2,",
                "        {\"key3\": true}",
                "    ],",
                "    {",
                "        \"key1\": \"val1\",",
                "        \"key2\": {\"key2\": \"val2\"}",
                "    },",
                "    [",
                "        [",
                "            1,",
                "            2.1",
                "        ],",
                "        [null]",
                "    ]",
                "]"
            };
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(jsonArray0Str);
        String [] actualStrArray = jsonArray.toString().split("\\r?\\n");
        assertEquals("Expected 1 line", 1, actualStrArray.length);
        actualStrArray = jsonArray.toString(0).split("\\r?\\n");
        assertEquals("Expected 1 line", 1, actualStrArray.length);

        actualStrArray = jsonArray.toString(1).split("\\r?\\n");
        assertEquals("Expected lines", jsonArray1Strs.length, actualStrArray.length);
        List<String> list = Arrays.asList(actualStrArray);
        for (String s : jsonArray1Strs) {
            list.contains(s);
        }
        
        actualStrArray = jsonArray.toString(4).split("\\r?\\n");
        assertEquals("Expected lines", jsonArray1Strs.length, actualStrArray.length);
        list = Arrays.asList(actualStrArray);
        for (String s : jsonArray4Strs) {
            list.contains(s);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Convert an empty JSONArray to JSONObject
     */
    @Test
    public void toJSONObject() {
        JSONArray names = new JSONArray();
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();
        assertTrue("toJSONObject should return null",
                null == jsonArray.toJSONObject(names));
    }

    /**
     * Confirm the creation of a JSONArray from an array of ints
     */
    @Test
    public void objectArrayVsIsArray() {
        int[] myInts = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 };
        Object myObject = myInts;
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(myObject);

        // validate JSON
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonArray.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 7 top level items", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 7);
        assertTrue("expected 1", Integer.valueOf(1).equals(jsonArray.query("/0")));
        assertTrue("expected 2", Integer.valueOf(2).equals(jsonArray.query("/1")));
        assertTrue("expected 3", Integer.valueOf(3).equals(jsonArray.query("/2")));
        assertTrue("expected 4", Integer.valueOf(4).equals(jsonArray.query("/3")));
        assertTrue("expected 5", Integer.valueOf(5).equals(jsonArray.query("/4")));
        assertTrue("expected 6", Integer.valueOf(6).equals(jsonArray.query("/5")));
        assertTrue("expected 7", Integer.valueOf(7).equals(jsonArray.query("/6")));
    }

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONArray iterator.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("boxing")
    @Test
    public void iteratorTest() {
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(this.arrayStr);
        Iterator<Object> it = jsonArray.iterator();
        assertTrue("Array true",
                Boolean.TRUE.equals(it.next()));
        assertTrue("Array false",
                Boolean.FALSE.equals(it.next()));
        assertTrue("Array string true",
                "true".equals(it.next()));
        assertTrue("Array string false",
                "false".equals(it.next()));
        assertTrue("Array string",
                "hello".equals(it.next()));

        assertTrue("Array double [23.45e-4]",
                new BigDecimal("0.002345").equals(it.next()));
        assertTrue("Array string double",
                new Double(23.45).equals(Double.parseDouble((String)it.next())));

        assertTrue("Array value int",
                new Integer(42).equals(it.next()));
        assertTrue("Array value string int",
                new Integer(43).equals(Integer.parseInt((String)it.next())));

        JSONArray nestedJsonArray = (JSONArray)it.next();
        assertTrue("Array value JSONArray", nestedJsonArray != null);

        JSONObject nestedJsonObject = (JSONObject)it.next();
        assertTrue("Array value JSONObject", nestedJsonObject != null);

        assertTrue("Array value long",
                new Long(0).equals(((Number) it.next()).longValue()));
        assertTrue("Array value string long",
                new Long(-1).equals(Long.parseLong((String) it.next())));
        assertTrue("should be at end of array", !it.hasNext());
    }
    
    @Test(expected = JSONPointerException.class)
    public void queryWithNoResult() {
        new JSONArray().query("/a/b");
    }
    
    @Test
    public void optQueryWithNoResult() {
        assertNull(new JSONArray().optQuery("/a/b"));
    }
    
    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
    public void optQueryWithSyntaxError() {
        new JSONArray().optQuery("invalid");
    }


    /**
     * Exercise the JSONArray write() method
     */
    @Test
    public void write() throws IOException {
        String str = "[\"value1\",\"value2\",{\"key1\":1,\"key2\":2,\"key3\":3}]";
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(str);
        String expectedStr = str;
        StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
        try {
            jsonArray.write(stringWriter);
            String actualStr = stringWriter.toString();
            JSONArray finalArray = new JSONArray(actualStr);
            Util.compareActualVsExpectedJsonArrays(jsonArray, finalArray);
            assertTrue("write() expected " + expectedStr +
                    " but found " + actualStr,
                    actualStr.startsWith("[\"value1\",\"value2\",{")
                    && actualStr.contains("\"key1\":1")
                    && actualStr.contains("\"key2\":2")
                    && actualStr.contains("\"key3\":3")
                    );
        } finally {
            stringWriter.close();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONArray write() method using Appendable.
     */
/*
    @Test
    public void writeAppendable() {
        String str = "[\"value1\",\"value2\",{\"key1\":1,\"key2\":2,\"key3\":3}]";
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(str);
        String expectedStr = str;
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        Appendable appendable = jsonArray.write(stringBuilder);
        String actualStr = appendable.toString();
        assertTrue("write() expected " + expectedStr +
                        " but found " + actualStr,
                expectedStr.equals(actualStr));
    }
*/

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONArray write(Writer, int, int) method
     */
    @Test
    public void write3Param() throws IOException {
        String str0 = "[\"value1\",\"value2\",{\"key1\":1,\"key2\":false,\"key3\":3.14}]";
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(str0);
        String expectedStr = str0;
        StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
        try {
            String actualStr = jsonArray.write(stringWriter, 0, 0).toString();
            JSONArray finalArray = new JSONArray(actualStr);
            Util.compareActualVsExpectedJsonArrays(jsonArray, finalArray);
            assertTrue("write() expected " + expectedStr +
                " but found " + actualStr,
                actualStr.startsWith("[\"value1\",\"value2\",{")
                && actualStr.contains("\"key1\":1")
                && actualStr.contains("\"key2\":false")
                && actualStr.contains("\"key3\":3.14")
            );
        } finally {
            stringWriter.close();
        }
        
        stringWriter = new StringWriter();
        try {
            String actualStr = jsonArray.write(stringWriter, 2, 1).toString();
            JSONArray finalArray = new JSONArray(actualStr);
            Util.compareActualVsExpectedJsonArrays(jsonArray, finalArray);
            assertTrue("write() expected " + expectedStr +
                " but found " + actualStr,
                actualStr.startsWith("[\n" + 
                        "   \"value1\",\n" + 
                        "   \"value2\",\n" + 
                        "   {")
                && actualStr.contains("\"key1\": 1")
                && actualStr.contains("\"key2\": false")
                && actualStr.contains("\"key3\": 3.14")
            );
        } finally {
            stringWriter.close();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONArray write(Appendable, int, int) method
     */
/*
    @Test
    public void write3ParamAppendable() {
        String str0 = "[\"value1\",\"value2\",{\"key1\":1,\"key2\":false,\"key3\":3.14}]";
        String str2 =
                "[\n" +
                        "   \"value1\",\n" +
                        "   \"value2\",\n" +
                        "   {\n" +
                        "     \"key1\": 1,\n" +
                        "     \"key2\": false,\n" +
                        "     \"key3\": 3.14\n" +
                        "   }\n" +
                        " ]";
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(str0);
        String expectedStr = str0;
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        Appendable appendable = jsonArray.write(stringBuilder, 0, 0);
        String actualStr = appendable.toString();
        assertEquals(expectedStr, actualStr);

        expectedStr = str2;
        stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        appendable = jsonArray.write(stringBuilder, 2, 1);
        actualStr = appendable.toString();
        assertEquals(expectedStr, actualStr);
    }
*/

    /**
     * Exercise JSONArray toString() method with various indent levels.
     */
    @Test
    public void toList() {
        String jsonArrayStr =
                "[" +
                    "[1,2," +
                        "{\"key3\":true}" +
                    "]," +
                    "{\"key1\":\"val1\",\"key2\":" +
                        "{\"key2\":null}," +
                    "\"key3\":42,\"key4\":[]" +
                    "}," +
                    "[" +
                        "[\"value1\",2.1]" +
                    "," +
                        "[null]" +
                    "]" +
                "]";

        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(jsonArrayStr);
        List<?> list = jsonArray.toList();

        assertTrue("List should not be null", list != null);
        assertTrue("List should have 3 elements", list.size() == 3);

        List<?> val1List = (List<?>) list.get(0);
        assertTrue("val1 should not be null", val1List != null);
        assertTrue("val1 should have 3 elements", val1List.size() == 3);

        assertTrue("val1 value 1 should be 1", val1List.get(0).equals(Integer.valueOf(1)));
        assertTrue("val1 value 2 should be 2", val1List.get(1).equals(Integer.valueOf(2)));

        Map<?,?> key1Value3Map = (Map<?,?>)val1List.get(2);
        assertTrue("Map should not be null", key1Value3Map != null);
        assertTrue("Map should have 1 element", key1Value3Map.size() == 1);
        assertTrue("Map key3 should be true", key1Value3Map.get("key3").equals(Boolean.TRUE));

        Map<?,?> val2Map = (Map<?,?>) list.get(1);
        assertTrue("val2 should not be null", val2Map != null);
        assertTrue("val2 should have 4 elements", val2Map.size() == 4);
        assertTrue("val2 map key 1 should be val1", val2Map.get("key1").equals("val1"));
        assertTrue("val2 map key 3 should be 42", val2Map.get("key3").equals(Integer.valueOf(42)));

        Map<?,?> val2Key2Map = (Map<?,?>)val2Map.get("key2");
        assertTrue("val2 map key 2 should not be null", val2Key2Map != null);
        assertTrue("val2 map key 2 should have an entry", val2Key2Map.containsKey("key2"));
        assertTrue("val2 map key 2 value should be null", val2Key2Map.get("key2") == null);

        List<?> val2Key4List = (List<?>)val2Map.get("key4");
        assertTrue("val2 map key 4 should not be null", val2Key4List != null);
        assertTrue("val2 map key 4 should be empty", val2Key4List.isEmpty());

        List<?> val3List = (List<?>) list.get(2);
        assertTrue("val3 should not be null", val3List != null);
        assertTrue("val3 should have 2 elements", val3List.size() == 2);

        List<?> val3Val1List = (List<?>)val3List.get(0);
        assertTrue("val3 list val 1 should not be null", val3Val1List != null);
        assertTrue("val3 list val 1 should have 2 elements", val3Val1List.size() == 2);
        assertTrue("val3 list val 1 list element 1 should be value1", val3Val1List.get(0).equals("value1"));
        assertTrue("val3 list val 1 list element 2 should be 2.1", val3Val1List.get(1).equals(new BigDecimal("2.1")));

        List<?> val3Val2List = (List<?>)val3List.get(1);
        assertTrue("val3 list val 2 should not be null", val3Val2List != null);
        assertTrue("val3 list val 2 should have 1 element", val3Val2List.size() == 1);
        assertTrue("val3 list val 2 list element 1 should be null", val3Val2List.get(0) == null);

        // assert that toList() is a deep copy
        jsonArray.getJSONObject(1).put("key1", "still val1");
        assertTrue("val2 map key 1 should be val1", val2Map.get("key1").equals("val1"));

        // assert that the new list is mutable
        assertTrue("Removing an entry should succeed", list.remove(2) != null);
        assertTrue("List should have 2 elements", list.size() == 2);
    }

    /**
     * Create a JSONArray with specified initial capacity.
     * Expects an exception if the initial capacity is specified as a negative integer 
     */
    @Test
    public void testJSONArrayInt() {
    	assertNotNull(new JSONArray(0));
    	assertNotNull(new JSONArray(5));
    	// Check Size -> Even though the capacity of the JSONArray can be specified using a positive
    	// integer but the length of JSONArray always reflects upon the items added into it.
    	assertEquals(0l, new JSONArray(10).length());
        try {
        	assertNotNull("Should throw an exception", new JSONArray(-1));
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertEquals("Expected an exception message", 
                    "JSONArray initial capacity cannot be negative.",
                    e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Verifies that the object constructor can properly handle any supported collection object.
     */
    @Test
    @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "boxing" })
    public void testObjectConstructor() {
        // should copy the array
        Object o = new Object[] {2, "test2", true};
        JSONArray a = new JSONArray(o);
        assertNotNull("Should not error", a);
        assertEquals("length", 3, a.length());
        
        // should NOT copy the collection
        // this is required for backwards compatibility
        o = new ArrayList<Object>();
        ((Collection<Object>)o).add(1);
        ((Collection<Object>)o).add("test");
        ((Collection<Object>)o).add(false);
        try {
            a = new JSONArray(o);
            assertNull("Should error", a);
        } catch (JSONException ex) {
        }

        // should NOT copy the JSONArray
        // this is required for backwards compatibility
        o = a;
        try {
            a = new JSONArray(o);
            assertNull("Should error", a);
        } catch (JSONException ex) {
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Verifies that the JSONArray constructor properly copies the original.
     */
    @Test
    public void testJSONArrayConstructor() {
        // should copy the array
        JSONArray a1 = new JSONArray("[2, \"test2\", true]");
        JSONArray a2 = new JSONArray(a1);
        assertNotNull("Should not error", a2);
        assertEquals("length", a1.length(), a2.length());
        
        for(int i = 0; i < a1.length(); i++) {
            assertEquals("index " + i + " are equal", a1.get(i), a2.get(i));
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Verifies that the object constructor can properly handle any supported collection object.
     */
    @Test
    public void testJSONArrayPutAll() {
        // should copy the array
        JSONArray a1 = new JSONArray("[2, \"test2\", true]");
        JSONArray a2 = new JSONArray();
        a2.putAll(a1);
        assertNotNull("Should not error", a2);
        assertEquals("length", a1.length(), a2.length());
        
        for(int i = 0; i < a1.length(); i++) {
            assertEquals("index " + i + " are equal", a1.get(i), a2.get(i));
        }
    }

    /**
	 * Tests if calling JSONArray clear() method actually makes the JSONArray empty
	 */
	@Test(expected = JSONException.class)
	public void jsonArrayClearMethodTest() {
		//Adds random stuff to the JSONArray
		JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();
		jsonArray.put(123);
		jsonArray.put("456");
		jsonArray.put(new JSONArray());
		jsonArray.clear(); //Clears the JSONArray
		assertTrue("expected jsonArray.length() == 0", jsonArray.length() == 0); //Check if its length is 0
		jsonArray.getInt(0); //Should throws org.json.JSONException: JSONArray[0] not found
	}
}
